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Home page " News " Why do women migrate? And why not?

Why do women migrate? And why not?

Adama Sophie Ndao 29/07/2025
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“Why do women move?”

They do not want to be victims of domestic violence, forced marriages or female genital mutilation – that is true. Women migrate because they want to be able to live their sexual orientation or gender identity freely – that is also true. However, it is important to go beyond this paternalistic view which assumes that women flee only from traditional patriarchal countries. These realities do exist, of course, but women also migrate because they wish to start a business, study, work or simply be free. They travel because, being young and connected to the rest of the world, they aspire to different ambitions.

“Are there really more women migrating now than before?”

Si la migración siempre ha formado parte de la humanidad y las mujeres representan la mitad de la población mundial, ¿podemos todavía sorprendernos de su presencia en las rutas migratorias?
Ya en los años sesenta, las mujeres representaban cerca de la mitad de la población migrante mundial. Hoy en día siguen constituyendo aproximadamente el 48 % de los flujos migratorios a escala global. Por lo tanto, no se trata de un fenómeno nuevo. Lo que sí es nuevo es su visibilidad. Lo que sí es nuevo es su lugar en los medios de comunicación.
Si durante mucho tiempo los gobiernos occidentales lograron hacerlas invisibles, hoy, con la evolución de los medios de comunicación y las redes sociales, esto se ha vuelto más difícil, incluso imposible. La compasión y el sentimiento de protección que despiertan las mujeres —especialmente las jóvenes, las embarazadas o las madres— en el imaginario colectivo no permiten legitimar políticas migratorias represivas y discriminatorias.
En cambio, el uso de imágenes —a veces manipuladas— de hombres escalando vallas o desembarcando en masa en zonas fronterizas contribuye más fácilmente a alimentar los sentimientos de miedo y desconfianza en las poblaciones de los países de destino.
Esto explica, en parte, por qué las mujeres han estado a menudo ausentes de los medios de comunicación y de los debates políticos.
Por tanto, lo que está cambiando no es tanto el número de mujeres migrantes como sus perfiles, sus motivaciones, sus itinerarios y, sobre todo, su visibilidad.

“Why do African women face greater difficulties integrating into destination societies than European migrant women?”

Sexist and paternalistic prejudices exist and endure in host countries. One of them – perhaps one of the most insidious – is based on the idea that young women leaving the African continent are victims, or irresponsible and reckless individuals, because they are expected to protect their community in their homeland. By contrast, young Western women who migrate are perceived as courageous and independent; their move is thus seen as a synonym of empowerment. In one sense, mobility provokes consternation and pity in public opinion; in the other, admiration and encouragement.

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Juan Manuel Pardellas

Journalist

Author, among other publications and works, of HÉROES DE ÉBANO, FINCA MACHINDA and EN ESTE GRAN MAR.

IN THIS GREAT SEA FINCA MACHINDA HEROES OF EBONY
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